Are you looking for an affordable but also electronic macro lens? Or maybe you have an old kit lens, that’s just sitting around, collecting dust since your last upgrade? Well, then read on, because in this article I am going to share one cool hack that will allow you too transform almost any kit or standard zoom lens into a capable macro lens! And I am not talking about reversing the lens or mounting it on extension tubes, we’re actually going to convert the lens for good. And it’s incredibly simple.
The Theory
The Theory
The basic design of zoom lenses in general is similar; the extendable front element produces a projection of the image into the lens barrel, where the next group of movable elements picks up on this image and projects it further down the lens barrel. The distance between the front element and this inner group, as well its distance to the sensor plane, determine how large the original projection of the front element will be when it arrives at the sensor. In other words, the distances between the lens groups/elements to each other and to the camera sensor decide the zoom factor.
This also explains why the minimum f/number increases as we zoom into the scene; a smaller portion of the image circle leaves us with less light. But what if we were to remove the front element from the equation? Then we would have a lens that focuses very close. Close enough to shift the focus plane into the extendable zoom tube of the lens barrel.Remove the zoom tube from the equation as well and we have a capable macro lens.This a non-reversible procedure in many cases, but with some lenses you can simply unscrew it, such as in the example below. I have already modified a few lenses this way and so far it has worked for all of them.The video below shows the conversion by the example of an (otherwise pretty useless) old Sigma 18-50 f/3.5-5.6 DC lens.
The basic steps of the conversion are:
Images say more than words
Images say more than words
That’s why I put together a few photos that I took with the Canon and Sigma lenses mentioned above, for you to get a better idea of the images they produce and of their quality. As all lenses, converted zoom lenses will have their own pros and cons.
Let’s get the cons out of the way first:
Let’s get the cons out of the way first:
Due to the nature of this mod, the lens will have quite a short working distance. This makes it more suitable for still subjects, but with a bit of luck and patience shots of insects can be managed, too.Flare. Without their front element, many zoom lenses become susceptible to lens flare. To prevent this you can use flash modifier or a step-ring to serves as a lens hood, whilst not taking away from the working distance. In some cases, a UV- or skylight-filter will help too.Distortion around the edges of the frame. Since we removed an element from the chain of spherical correction, distortion will become visible around the edges of the frame. This is rarely noticeable though and only an issue with flat-lay subjects such as stamps for example.
But don’t worry. There are some pros, too:
But don’t worry. There are some pros, too:
First of all, this conversion gives you an electronically operated lens that, unlike many other macro lenses, covers quite a magnification range, typically from around 1 to 2.5 times life size on a APSC sensor.
Macro lens for great value: Let’s take the Canon EF-S 18-55 II IS as an example; this lens typically sells for less than 100$ used. Remove the front element and you get a fully functional and electronically controlled macro lens with image stabilisation and focus confirmation (it won’t lose its auto-focus capability either, but it won’t be very useful as it tends to hunt back and forth a lot).It is a neat way to breathe new life into dusty glass. Especially with lenses that have a defective auto-focus, as AF is no help with macros.In terms of sharpness, I have been positively surprised by almost all the lenses I have converted. Especially with the Sigma lens from the video above, as it appeared to be sharper at low f-stops after the conversion than it was before. All lenses that I have handled provided ideal sharpness when zoomed out with some fall-off when fully zoomed in. This is just a rule of thumb however and varies between models and manufacturers.Most converted lenses have a very decent and sometimes even soap-bubbly looking bokeh.
Artistic Look
Artistic Look
When I shoot my EF-S 18-55 wide open it renders images very artistically, with a gorgeous soapy Bokeh and strong aberrations in out-of-focus areas of high contrast. Sharpness is not exactly superior at f/3.5 but definitely enough to work with.
Sharpness
Sharpness
Stop the lens down to f/8 or so for a drastic increase in sharpness, even at its full magnification. An aphid of around 2mm body length (without legs). It is hard to nail focus at this magnification ratio, but when you do it’s gonna be pretty sharp. This image was taken at f/9.
Zoom Range
Zoom Range
To illustrate the magnification range of my EF-S lens (which is similar for all 4 zoom lenses I have tried so far), I photographed a couple subjects and took two photos each: one at it’s lowest magnification ration and one at its highest, for you to check out side-by-side: In the case of EF-S or other dedicated crop-sensor lenses, that can physically not be mounted to full frame cameras, you can use an extension tube in order to overcome the mount barrier. In the example below I used a 36mm Kenko tube to adapt my EF-S lens to a Canon 5DII body; even though the extension tube increases the magnification ratio, the larger sensor makes up for the difference and with better low-light capabilities and more megapixels.
Does it work with all Standard Zooms / Kit Lenses?
Does it work with all Standard Zooms / Kit Lenses?
No, unfortunately not. by my experience it works for most but there are also cases in which it doesn’t work. By experience it does not work for lenses that exceed a focal length of 70mm, due to the optical construction of most tele-zooms. Here’s a list of lenses which definitely can be converted into macro lenses:
Canon EF-S Kit Lens 18-55 I, II & IIISigma 18-55Nikon 18-55mm
The Bottom Line
The Bottom Line
In my opinion the advantages of this lens outweigh its cons clearly. I have had a blast using my modified lenses over the last few months and will definitely continue using it. If you are looking for a cheap but effective macro lens or if you have a zoom lens that you’re not using anymore, this conversion is something I would consider. Something I would do, actually, that’s how I found out about it. But than this might just be me; I enjoy this sort of thing and own a bunch of modified equipment.I also have to mention, that these converted lenses are not exactly easy to handle and will take a bit of practice. But if that’s worth it to you, this is a neat way of getting your hands on an electronically controlled and quite unique macro zoom lens for great value.
About the Author
About the Author
Maximilian Simson is a macro photographer based in London, Ontario. You can find more of his work and creative ideas on his website and YouTube channel, and follow him on Instagram and Facebook. This article was also published here and shared with permission.
